PEMETAAN HABITAT BENTIK PADA EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN PULAU MENJANGAN
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.15578/jkn.v13i3.6655Mots-clés :
Habitat, bentik, terumbu karang, Pulau Menjangan, Taman Nasional Bali Barat, klasifikasi.Résumé
Ekosistem pesisir yang meliputi tiga bagian penting yakni mangrove, padang lamun dan terumbu karang merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam proses pemetaan habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan habitat secara geomorfologi di Pulau Menjangan, Taman Nasional Bali Barat, Bali. Pengumpulan data lapangan dilakukan pada bulan Februari, April dan Agustus 2017. Total 104 titik sampling telah dikumpulkan, dan dilakukan analisis perbedaan tekstur menggunakan program ENVI v4.7 dari data citra satelit Worldview 2 dengan resolusi spasial 2 m, tanggal 14 Oktober 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara geomorfologi, kawasan pesisir Pulau Menjangan terbagi dalam 6 tipe habitat yakni mangrove, terumbu depan, lereng terumbu, rataan terumbu, pecahan karang (rubble), pasir dan teras. Berdasarkan hasil foto transek habitat dengan pendekatan skala medium (Medium Scale Approach) khususnya pada daerah rataan terumbu dan terumbu depan (fore reef/crest) dapat diklasifikasikan dalam 12 jenis habitat dengan komposisi bentik dominan karang adalah 30% yang meliputi beberapa jenis karang keras (Scleractinia) yakni Acropora sp, Montipora sp, Porites lutea dan Porites cylindrica; Rubble & Alga (dari divisi Chlorophyta dan Phaeophyta) masing-masing sebesar 16 %; Pasir 12%; Lamun (diantaranya Syringodium sp, Cymodocea sp dan Thalasia sp) 11% dan sisanya adalah asosiasi karang Heliopora coerulea (non Scleractinia), karang mati dan teras. Daerah rataan terumbu memiliki kategori rugosity berada pada level 1 - 2, sedangkan terumbu depan dengan rugosity level 3 - 4.Références
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