A Psychosocial and Needs-Based Analysis of Job Satisfaction among Small-Scale Fishermen in Pangandaran Regency, West Java

Résumé

Low job satisfaction among fisherman can be a leading indicator of fisheries production constraints and draws attention to the dire prospects for the future well-being of fishers and society as a whole. The research was conducted in Pangandaran Regency where fishermen have an important role in improving the performance of Capture Fisheries towards the development and sustainability of the Fisheries sector. This study involved 314 small-scale fishermen operating vessels below 5 GT, with the dominant fishing gears being gillnets and longlines. This study aims: (1) identifying fishermen's job satisfaction, (2) analyzing the factors affecting small-scale fishermen’ job satisfaction, and (3) knowing the impact of job satisfaction on fishermen's job sustainability.

The results of binary logistic regression show that the predictor variables that have a significant influence on the variable Job Satisfaction of Small-Scale Fishermen in Pangandaran Regency (Y) are Education Level (X3), Able to Fulfill Family Needs (X7), opportunities for skill actualization (X8), Opportunity to Socialize (X13), Opportunity to Travel Desire (X14), Mental Health (X15), Pleasure at Work (X17) and Job Security (X18). As many as 54% of Small Scale Fishermen in Pangandaran Regency are satisfied with their work. As much as 83% of Small Scale Fishermen in Pangandaran Regency would not suggest fishing jobs to the younger generation. Government policy recommendations are needed to improve job satisfaction among small-scale fishermen, focusing on programs to improve education and training, ensure family needs are met, and strengthen mental health and job safety. Furthermore, policies are urgently needed to promote fisher regeneration through business incentives, livelihood diversification, and the promotion of more attractive professions to ensure the sustainability of the fisheries sector.